Press Releases

Unemployment 6,8%

According to the results of the Labour Force Survey, the labour force in the 1^st quarter of 2023 amounted to 492.230 persons or 65,6% of the population (males 70,8%, females 60,8%) in comparison to 474.631 persons (64,3%) in the corresponding quarter of 2022 (Table 1).

The number of employed persons was 458.835 and the employment rate 61,2% (males 66,4%, females 56,4%) in comparison to 443.327 persons (60,1%) in the corresponding quarter of 2022.

The number of unemployed persons amounted to 33.394 and the unemployment rate to 6,8% of the labour force (males 6,3%, females 7,3%) in comparison to 31.305 persons (6,6%) in the corresponding quarter of 2022.

Employment (Table 2)

For the age group 20-64, the employment rate was 78,6%. The rate for males was 83,9% and for females 73,7%. In the corresponding quarter of 2022, the rate was 77,3% (males 83,6%, females 71,3%). For the age group 55-64 the employment rate was 65,6% in comparison to 63,6% in the corresponding quarter of 2022.

According to the distribution of employment by sector, the biggest percentage of employed persons was in Services (80,7%), followed by Manufacturing (16,9%) and Agriculture (2,4%). For the 1^st quarter of 2022, the corresponding percentages were: Services 80,4%, Manufacturing 17,2% and Agriculture 2,4%.

The share of part-time employment to total employment was 9,9% or 45.308 persons (males 7,4%, females 12,5%). The corresponding rate for the 1^st quarter of 2022 was 10,8% (males 8,7%, females 13,2%).

89,2% or 409.471 of the total employed persons were employees, of which 12,1% (49.358 persons) had a temporary job. In the corresponding quarter of 2022 employees accounted for 88,9% of total employment of which 11,5% had a temporary job.

Unemployment (Table 3)

For young persons aged 15-24 years old, the unemployment rate was 16,0% of the labour force of the same age group (males 18,7%, females 13,4%) in comparison to 17,7% (males 19,3%, females 16,2%) in the corresponding quarter of last year.

As far as the duration of unemployment is concerned, 51,1% of the total unemployed persons searched for a job for a period of less than 6 months, 16,7% for a period of 6-11 months, whereas a percentage of 32,2% were long-term unemployed. The corresponding rates for the 1^st quarter of 2022 were 50,7%, 15,0% and 34,3%.

Note: Figures may not add up to totals due to rounding error.

Methodological information

Survey Identity

The Labour Force Survey (LFS) is conducted in all European Union Member States every quarter, in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council, which entered into force on 1.1.2021. Until 2020, the LFS was conducted in accordance with Regulation 577/98 of the Council of the European Union. In Cyprus, the survey was carried out in 1999 for the first time and until 2003 it was conducted in the second quarter of every year. As from the second quarter of 2004 onwards, the LFS is conducted every quarter, on a continuous basis.

The aim of the survey is the collection of data which are useful in the formulation of policy on labour matters (employment, unemployment) and for pursuing and evaluating of the programmes that are applied both by Government and by the European Union.

Coverage and Collection of Data

The LFS covers a sample of 3.800 households in all Districts of Cyprus, which are allocated according to the number of households that reside in urban and rural areas.

For comparability of the results, in all Member States, the survey covers the population of private households only. It does not cover persons residing in collective households (i.e. institutions, homes for the aged, hospitals, monasteries etc.), conscripts on compulsory military service, as well as students who study abroad and Cypriots who work abroad.

The collection of the data from the Statistical Service is done with personal interviews and the use of portable computers, as well as with telephone interviews.

Methodological Changes

With the adoption of the new European Regulation on Social Statistics (2019/1700), the LFS is conducted with significant changes in the design and implementation of the questionnaire, so that it is fully harmonized with this new regulation. The most important changes in employment and unemployment, in the context of the adoption of the new regulation are:

The above changes in the regulations have not affected the results of the LFS, from 2021 onwards. A special study conducted to check the above changes in the regulations shows that the implementation of the new regulation from 2021 onwards had no impact on the results of the LFS.

It is noted that, the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has affected both employment and unemployment, as the measures taken by the government for the restrain of the pandemic have affected businesses of various economic activities, (e.g. total or partial suspension of operation). As a result, persons employed in these businesses did not work for a significant period of time (more than 3 months) and therefore were not considered as employed. Additionally, persons who were not employed were not actively seeking for work (since there were no jobs) although they were available to work within 2 weeks following the reference week and hence were not considered as unemployed.

Definitions

Labour Force / Economically Active Population – The total number of the employed and unemployed persons aged 15 years and over.

Employed – Persons aged 15 – 89 years old who during the reference week worked for at least one hour, as well as persons who had a job but were temporarily absent from work.

Unemployed – Persons aged 15 – 74 years old who comply to the following standards:

• Neither worked nor had a job from which they were temporarily absent during the reference week.
• They had actively sought for work, i.e. had taken specific steps during the previous 4 weeks to find work or found a job which will start within a period of at most 3 months.
• They were available to start work within the 2 weeks following the reference week.

Long-term unemployed – Persons aged 15 – 74 years old who searched for work for a period of 12 months or more.

Inactive – Persons aged 15 years and over who are neither employed nor unemployed.

Labour Force participation rate – The number of persons in the Labour Force for any group expressed as a percentage of the total population in the same group.

Employment rate – The number of employed persons for any group expressed as a percentage of the total population in the same group.

Unemployment rate – The number of unemployed persons of any group expressed as a percentage of the labour force in the same group.

Employment Estimation LFS Vs National Accounts

National Accounts employment estimates differ from the results of other statistics and surveys, especially from those obtained from the LFS. In particular, there are differences due to both integration of sources and conceptual reasons.

The differences are presented in the file: Differences in employment estimates

For more information:

CYSTAT Portal, subtheme Labour Market

CYSTAT-DB (Online Database)

Predefined Tables (Excel)

Methodological Information

The data included in the Predefined Tables in Excel format are available up to the 4^th quarter of 2021. Data from the 1^st quarter of 2022 onwards are available only in the CYSTAT-DB Online Database.

Contact:

Maria Hadjiprokopi, tel: +35722602146, email: mhadjiprokopi@cystat.mof.gov.cy

Christophoros Michaelides, tel: +35722602154, email: cmichaelides@cystat.mof.gov.cy

(MV/ECHR)